Topic:modernization — Global Security Review %

Archive, Arms Control & Nonproliferation, Challenging Disarmament Disinformation, Strategic AdversariesAI-driven command structures, arms control agreements, China-Russia relationship, cold war, cooperation, cyber operations, Diplomacy, disarmament, doomsday clock, emerging technologies, escalation risks, global rules-based order, hypersonic systems, Miscalculation, missile defense, modernization, multipolar environment, NATO deterrence, New START, nonproliferation barriers, NPT framework, nuclear arsenals, nuclear catastrophe, nuclear disarmament, nuclear triad modernization, nuclear weapons capabilities, proliferation, radioactive materials, restraint, sovereignty, START I, strategic-stability dialogue, Third Nuclear Age, treaty events, U.S.-Russia arms control, verification technologies

Understanding the Third Nuclear Age: Why 2026 Matters

Harsa Kakar0 Comments

Experts call the current state of the world the third nuclear age, embodied by various emerging technologies. It is characterized by expanding nuclear arsenals, diminishing arms control agreements, and technological…

Allies & Extended Deterrence, Archive, Arms Control & Nonproliferation, Deterrence & Foreign Policy, Emerging Threats, Strategic AdversariesArms Control, Article VI disarmament obligations, artificial intelligence-enabled command systems, centrifuges, Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), data sharing, diplomatic strain, Fordow facility, Hwasong-20 missile, hypersonic delivery vehicles, ICBMs, inspection regime, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Iran nuclear program, MIRVs, missile factories, modernization, multipolar competition, New start treaty, North Korea nuclear development, NPT Review Conference, nuclear alert status, nuclear arsenals, Nuclear Deterrence, nuclear threshold lowering, Nuclear Weapons, treaty expiration, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), U.S.-Russia strategic stability, Ukraine conflict, unintended escalation, uranium enrichment, verification mechanisms, Yongbyon facility

The Dawn of 2026 and Challenges to Non-Proliferation

Harsa Kakar1 Comment

The year 2026 arrives with looming threats of nuclear weapon employment more than ever, as the world is faced with eroding arms control agreements and the global environment seems increasingly…

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“Resumption of Nuclear Testing”—Not So Fast!

James Petrosky0 Comments

On October 29, 2025, President Donald Trump announced on Truth Social that he “instructed the Department of War to start testing our Nuclear Weapons on an equal basis.” This statement,…

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The Uncertain Future of Nuclear Deterrence and Proliferation

Nazia Sheikh0 Comments

The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty was signed between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1987; it lasted until the United States withdrew in 2019. It contributed to…

Archive, Strategic AdversariesArms Control, Arms Race, Article VI, AUKUS deal, biases, bilateral arms control, China, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), conference on disarmament (CD), confidence-building measures (CBMs), conventional imbalance, crisis management, Deterrence, deterrent credibility, disarmament deception syndrome (DDS), discriminatory norms, emerging technologies, France, geopolitical landscape, global zero (GZ), India, Iran nuclear pursuit, Israel, modernization, multilateral treaties, National Security, Negative Security Assurances, non-nuclear weapon states, North Korea, North Korea withdrawal, nuclear arms race, nuclear disarmament, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), nuclear proliferation, Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG), nuclear umbrella, nuclear weapon states, Pakistan, positive security assurances, prestige-driven ambitions, Russia, security betrayal trap (SBT), South Asia, space-based capabilities, strategic chain, strategic stability, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), Ukraine paradox, United Kingdom, United States

Illogic of Nuclear Disarmament in the Contemporary Era

Sher Ali Kakar & Atta Ullah1 Comment

Since the beginning of the nuclear age, the international community consistently made efforts toward disarmament. However, the world saw both vertical and horizontal nuclear proliferation. Nuclear-armed states are modernizing…

Archive, Bonus Reads, Emerging Threats, Space Deterrence & Conflict, Strategic Adversariesanti-satellite, Attrition, B-21 raider, B-52J, China, Cyber, Denmark, Deterrence, Doctrine, electronic warfare, End-to-End Testing, Golden Dome, hypersonic, industrial base, Iran, Kill Chains, long-range strike, missile defense, modernization, multi-domain operations, NATO, Precision Fires, proliferation, resilience, Responsive Launch, Russia, Space, strategic advantage, Survivability, Tactical Edge, Taiwan

This Week in Deterrence (September 15-19, 2025)

GSR Staff0 Comments

This past week was maelstrom of activities in deterrence. We are seeing a shift of the forces reshaping deterrence across domains. Paramount is the urgency of integrating allied doctrine, accelerating…

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Is America Prepared for a Strike Against its Nuclear Command and Control?

Curtis McGiffin, Adam Lowther & James Petrosky1 Comment

What happens when the deterrent becomes the target? In this episode, Adam, Curtis, and Jim tackle a bold and unsettling question: After America’s successful strike on Iran’s nuclear facilities, is…

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Commonwealth Defense and Recruitment Hurdles

Julian Mcbride0 Comments

The United Kingdom (UK), Canada, and Australia all have some of the most capable militaries on Earth, with histories of valor in various wars. However, all three countries in the…

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From Deterrence to Dominance: Strengthening US Nuclear Posture in a Shifting World

Brandon Toliver6 Comments

The global nuclear landscape in 2025 is not just unstable—it is accelerating toward unprecedented volatility, testing the very limits of American strategic dominance. New technologies, evolving doctrines, and intensifying rivalries…

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The Air Force’s Nuclear Deterrent: Modernization in Progress

Curtis McGiffin0 Comments

The United States is currently undergoing a comprehensive modernization of its nuclear triad and strategic bomber fleet, with the goal of ensuring a cost-effective and credible deterrent in an increasingly…

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Maintaining American Military Primacy Without Breaking the Bank

Joshua Thibert0 Comments

Maintaining the United States’ position as the world’s premier military force will push the defense budget beyond the trillion-dollar mark. To ensure the long-term sustainability of the world’s most advanced…