Nuclear deterrence believability is expected to rise in the eyes of our friends and foes alike. The Department of Defense is projecting to purchase over 1,000 nuclear-armed LRSO cruise missiles by 2030. The Raytheon AGM-181 Long Range Standoff (LRSO) is a nuclear-armed, stealthy, long-range survivable standoff cruise missile weapon capable of delivering nuclear effects on strategic targets protected by advanced air defense systems. The LRSO replaces the long-serving Boeing AGM-86 Air Launched Cruise Missile (ALCM) a 1980’s era system that was designed for a 10-year lifespan but has experienced numerous life extension programs to avoid replacement. The ALCM is a staple weapon system for the current B-52 variant but was never fitted to the B-2. The LRSO will cost some $14 billion for 1,087 units to equip the upgraded B-52J and B-21 Raider bombers.
According to the former commander of Air Force Global Strike Command, General Tim Ray in his testimony to the HASC Strategic subcommittee on 1 May 2019: “The vast majority of targets covered by the bomber leg of the triad require the employment of stand-off weapons.” The LRSO missile will ensure that the bomber force can target high-value threats deep within an advanced integrated air defense system (IADS), reducing risk to aircrew and aircraft.
The LRSO is key to American deterrence credibility. Flexible, survivable, and recallable, America’s bomber force forms the third leg of the strategic nuclear triad. Coupled with the bomber, the LRSO ensures the viability of the air leg which arguably is the most stabilizing force. The LRSO is a valuable tool in maintaining strategic stability because it does not pose a short-notice threat of disarming attack.
However, recognizing and fearing America’s ability to hold at-risk strategic targets deep behind enemy lines regardless of IADS efficacy is a key concern for any autocrat seeking to attack American interests. The LRSO is good news for deterrence.