Defense & Security

With the advent of the twenty-first century came differing classifications of national security threats and a shifting order of strategic preeminence. The risk of extremism and consistent alienation of citizens in European countries have both expanded and diversified. Some European Union member states in the EU require security sector reforms and…

With a potential peace settlement on the horizon, much will depend on the prospects and challenges for the integration of Taliban battlefield commanders and fighters into the ranks of the Afghan military, police, and security service—else they could become a significant source of instability, igniting a new conflict by morphing into another…

For the Communist Party of the Philippines and its armed wing, the National People's Army, strategic positioning is key to spreading influence from the organization's core to the grassroots level. NPA tactics of dispersal, concentration, and shifting can be viewed from two perspectives: in line with their activities or ideological, political, and…

Back in 2004, when Afghan and American generals were laying the foundations for the post-Taliban Afghan army and security forces the number one question in the minds of everybody around the table was “who will pay for it?”  In those days, it was assumed the burden would fall on the United States and its allies, but that calculation is changing…

After a relatively easy advance through the southern and central parts of Libya, the country's renegade general now has the capital in his sights.Up until the Libyan National Army (LNA) reached the southern outskirts of Tripoli, the campaign somewhat resembled a sneak attack. The LNA is lead by General Khalifa Haftar, an ex-Libyan Army officer…